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Following are some new GMAT Real Exam Questions!
NEW QUESTION 202
The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease has dropped significantly in a rural county this year, as compared to last year, Health officials attribute this decrease entirely to improved sanitary conditions at water-treatment plants, which made for cleaner water this year and thus reduced the incidence of the disease.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the health officials' explanation for the lower incidence of the disease?
- A. The water in the rural county was brought up to the sanitary standards of the water in neighboring counties ten years ago.
- B. Many new water-treatment plants have been built in the last five years in the rural county.
- C. Bottled spring water has not been consumed in significantly different quantities by people diagnosed as having the intestinal disease, as compared to people who did not contract the disease.
- D. Because of a new diagnostic technique, many people who until this year would have been diagnosed as having the intestinal disease are now correctly diagnosed as suffering from intestinal ulcers.
- E. Because of medical advances this year, far fewer people who contract the intestinal disease will develop severe cases of the disease.
Answer: D
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NEW QUESTION 203
Parasitic wasps propagate by injecting their eggs into a caterpillar that then becomes paralyzed as the eggs inside develop into wasp larvae. The wasp larvae kill the caterpillar host as they feed on it, form cocoons, and finally develop into wasps. In attempting to discover how such wasps detect the presence of the caterpillar hosts that are so critical to the wasps' propagation, researchers have uncovered an intriguing defense mechanism developed by the plants on which the caterpillars feed.
When chewed on, many plants release volatile compounds from both damaged and undamaged tissues. When these compounds are toxic to the insects that feed on the plants, they can help defend the plants from such attacks. However, the plants on which the wasps' caterpillar hosts feed have evolved an even more complex defense: the caterpillar-infested plants appear to release volatile chemicals that attract parasitic wasps, which then prey on the caterpillars. Scientists originally suspected that the wasps were attracted by an odor, reminiscent of cut grass, that is released as the caterpillar feeds, but a recent study suggests that a different set of volatile attractants is involved. In this study, when researchers used a razor blade to mimic caterpillar damage on the leaves, only grassy odors were emitted, not the volatile compounds that attracted wasps.
However, when oral secretions from the caterpillars were applied to these damaged leaves, the leaves released the wasp attractants several hours later. Further tests revealed that oral secretions placed on the razor-damaged leaves stimulated the release of such attractants, making the plants as attractive to wasps as plants that had suffered actual caterpillar damage. These results suggest that chemicals from the caterpillar must be present for these attractants to be released and that unlike the grassy scent, which emanates only as the caterpillar on the plant, the wasp attractants are produced several hours after the attack and persist for several hours, perhaps days. Researchers have launched additional studies to determine whether the wasps' capacity to prey on caterpillars can be enhanced to the extent that the wasps could be used as a natural pesticide to "police" plants and protect them from crop-destroying caterpillars.
The first two sentences of the second paragraph serve primarily to
- A. offer a conventional but probably inaccurate view of how many plants defend themselves from predators
- B. provide a point of reference against which the author's description of a related phenomenon can be compared
- C. introduce a phenomenon that casts doubt on experimental results described later in the passage
- D. provide an example of a species that relies on the help of another species in defending itself against a particular predator
- E. introduce the phenomenon that the experiment described later in the passage is designed to explain
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 204
United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from unreimbursed care. Almost all paying patients now rely on governmental or private health insurance to pay hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting what they pay hospitals for the care of insured patients to amounts at or below actual costs.
Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?
- A. If hospitals do not find ways to raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they must either deny some of that care or suffer losses if they give it.
- B. Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy, such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
- C. If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
- D. Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such donations are at present declining.
- E. Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to afford private insurance for hospital care.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 205 
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NEW QUESTION 206 
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25, 25
NEW QUESTION 207
In 1846 about 80 percent of the towns in New York State banned the sale of alcoholic beverages. A recent article about the bans concludes that mid-nineteenth-century supporters of the temperance movement were not residents of remote rural areas, as has often been asserted; rather, they were concentrated in centers of economic opportunity.
Which of the following, if true, best supports the conclusion reached in the article?
- A. In New York City, which was a commercial center in 1846, the sale of alcoholic beverages was not banned.
- B. The most adamant opponents of the ban included several affluent factory and mill owners.
- C. Many young New York State farmers supported the ban on alcohol.
- D. After 1846 the temperance movement grew rapidly and it flourished until the turn of the century.
- E. Support for the ban on alcohol was strongest in New York towns where the economy was based on new, growing industries.
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 208
Daniel: Historically, railroads substantially altered the course of the United States economy, enabling the country to enjoy unprecedented growth in the nineteenth century.
Robert: It's true that growth required cheap inland transportation, which railroads provided. But with government support similar to the massive land grants that subsidized rapid railroad expansion, canals and roads could have had the same effect.
Which of the following is most likely a point that Robert believes is at issue between Daniel and himself?
- A. Whether the nineteenth-century economic growth in the U.S. was caused by railroads
- B. Whether economic growth depends on government support for technology that encourages that growth
- C. Whether railroads' contribution to economic growth was enabled by government support
- D. Whether railroads were necessary for the unprecedented economic growth in the U.S in the nineteenth century
- E. Whether the government should have supported canals and roads in the U.S. in the nineteenth century
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 209
Two positive integers, A and B, each yield the same remainder when divided by 4. Furthermore, A is less than IS. In the table, select values for A and 5that are jointly consistent with the given information. Make only two selections, one in each column.
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NEW QUESTION 210
The price the government pays for standard weapons purchased from military contractors is determined by a pricing method called "historical costing." Historical costing allows contractors to protect their profits by adding a percentage increase, based on the current rate of inflation, to the previous year's contractual price.
Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically sound pricing method for military contracts?
- A. The government might continue to pay for past inefficient use of funds.
- B. The rate of inflation has varied considerably over the past twenty years.
- C. Many taxpayers question the amount of money the government spends on military contracts.
- D. The contractual price will be greatly affected by the cost of materials used for the products.
- E. The pricing method based on historical costing might not encourage the development of innovative weapons.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 211
Corporate officers and directors commonly buy and sell, for their own portfolios, stock in their own corporations. Generally, when the ratio of such inside sales to inside purchases falls below 2 to 1 for a given stock, a rise in stock prices is imminent. In recent days, while the price of MEGA Corporation stock has been falling, the corporation's officers and directors have bought up to nine times as much of it as they have sold.
The facts above best support which of the following predictions?
- A. The imbalance between inside purchases and inside sales of MEGA stock will grow even further.
- B. The price of MEGA stock will continue to drop, but less rapidly.
- C. Inside purchases of MEGA stock are about to cease abruptly.
- D. The majority of MEGA stock will soon be owned by MEGA's own officers and directors.
- E. The price of MEGA stock will soon begin to go up.
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 212
Insurance Company X is considering issuing a new policy to cover services required by elderly people who suffer from diseases that afflict the elderly. Premiums for the policy must be low enough to attract customers. Therefore, Company X is concerned that the income from the policies would not be sufficient to pay for the claims that would be made.
Which of the following strategies would be most likely to minimize Company X's losses on the policies?
- A. Insuring only those individuals who did not suffer any serious diseases as children
- B. Including a greater number of services in the policy than are included in other policies of lower cost
- C. Insuring only those individuals who were rejected by other companies for similar policies
- D. Insuring only those individuals who are wealthy enough to pay for the medical services
- E. Attracting middle-aged customers unlikely to submit claims for benefits for many years
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 213 
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
- E. 4
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 214
Any serious policy discussion about acceptable levels of risk in connection with explosions is not well served if the participants fail to use the word "explosion" and use the phrase "energetic disassembly" instead. In fact, the word "explosion" elicits desirable reactions, such as a heightened level of attention, whereas the substitute phrase does not. Therefore, of the two terms, "explosion" is the one that should be used throughout discussions of this sort.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument above depends?
- A. In the kind of discussion at issue, the advantages of desirable reactions to the term "explosion" outweigh the drawbacks, if any, arising from undesirable reactions to that term.
- B. The phrase "energetic disassembly" is not necessarily out of place in describing a controlled rather than an accidental explosion.
- C. The phrase "energetic disassembly" has not so far been used as a substitute for the word "explosion" in the kind of discussion at issue.
- D. In any serious policy discussion, what is said by the participants is more important than how it is put into words.
- E. The only reason that people would have for using "energetic disassembly" in place of "explosion" is to render impossible any serious policy discussion concerning explosions.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 215
Kylie eats at Moe's Diner every Thursday, but last Thursday she ate at Joe's. On Friday, she was sick to her stomach. It must have been the food at Joe's.
Which of the following is the best criticism of this argument?
- A. It assumes that she would not have gotten sick eating the same food at Moe's.
- B. It does not identify the specific type of illness.
- C. It does not describe how long the illness lasted.
- D. It confuses cause and effect.
- E. It does not take into consideration other possible causes.
Answer: E
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Kylie's stomachache could have been caused by any number of factors other than the food at Joe's.
Perhaps she ate or drank something that evening that did not agree with her. Perhaps she was nervous or anxious about something and that caused her stomach to be upset. Perhaps she caught the stomach flu.
Reversing causation is not possible, so choice b is incorrect. The argument does not necessarily assume she wouldn't have gotten sick eating the same food at Moe's (choice c); the passage doesn't say what she ate or whether she even could have eaten the same thing at Moe's. The only assumption here is that she was sickened by the food at Joe's. The argument does not specify the type of illness (choice d) or describe how long it lasted (choice e), but these are not the best criticisms of the argument.
Knowing more about the kind of illness she had might help us rule out food poisoning or other food related illnesses, but the best criticism is clearly a.
NEW QUESTION 216 
- A. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
- B. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) atone is not sufficient.
- C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
- D. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) atone is not sufficient.
- E. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 217
West River Glen is deciding which network architecture should replace its old copper telephone lines. The town will replace 300 miles of Outside Plant (OSP) cable that will serve approximately 2,500 homes.
The first option is to install a Fiber to the Home (FTTH) system architecture that uses fiber-optic cable to transmit signals from the source to each home. The advantages of this architecture include greater bandwidth capabilities, less signal loss, and slightly lower new-cable deployment costs than the second option, Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC).
An HFC network integrates fiber-optic cables and devices with coaxial cables.
This will cost the town substantially less money for internal equipment and for customer installations.
However, the coaxial cable does not last as long as fiberoptic cable and will thus need to be replaced more frequently, resulting in higher long-term maintenance expenses.
The town believes that either the FTTH or HFC architectures will be capable of serving the communities' data and television needs for the next 30 years.
For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement can be inferred to be true on the basis of the information provided. Otherwise, select No.
Answer:
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Explanation
Graphical user interface, text Description automatically generated
NEW QUESTION 218
Advances in networking technology and home computers have made it easy for millions of Americans to work in their homes, often facilitating the communication between the manager, who continues to work on- site at the office, with his distant employees.
- A. communication between the manager, who continues to work on-site at the office, with his distance employees
- B. communication between the manager, who continues to work on-site at the office, with his distant employees
- C. communication between the manager, who continues to work on-site at the office, to his distant employees
- D. communication between the manager, who continues the work on-site at the office, with his distant employees
- E. communication between the manager, who continues to work on-site at the office, and his distant employees
Answer: E
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Explanation:
The best answer is D.
The communication has to be between the manager and his employee.
NEW QUESTION 219
A region in a plane is said to be convex if, for every two points in the region, the line segment joining the two points is completely contained in the region. If a sector of a circle has a central angle with degree measure m >
0, which of the following determines the set of all values of m (less than 360) for which the sector is convex?
- A. 0 < m > 90
- B. 180 m < 360
- C. 0 < m < 360
- D. 0 < m 180
- E. 90 m 180
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 220
Morning Glory, the coffee shop on the corner, has lost nearly 50% of its business because a national retail coffee chain opened up a store down the street. Instead of closing up shop, the owner of Morning Glory plans to draw in customers by offering coffee, tea, and pastries at much lower prices than the national coffee chain.
The owner's plan of action is based on all of the following assumptions EXCEPT
- A. the quality of Morning Glory's coffee is comparable to that of the national coffee chain.
- B. Morning Glory can afford to cut its profit margin in order to lower prices.
- C. some customers will choose the coffee shop that offers the lowest price.
- D. the national coffee chain will not lower its prices in order to compete with Morning Glory.
- E. Morning Glory's customers are very loyal.
Answer: E
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The owner's plan - to lower prices to attract customers - assumes that some customers will choose the lower price (choice a), that the quality of Morning Glory's products is comparable to its competitor (choice b), that Morning Glory can afford to offer lower prices (choice c), and that its competitor will also not lower its prices (choice e). The plan does not rest on any assumptions about the loyalty of Morning Glory customers (choice d). Indeed, there is evidence that the customers are not loyal, because Morning Glory has already lost 50% of its business.
NEW QUESTION 221
Mr. Janeck: I don't believe Stevenson will win the election for governor. Few voters are willing to elect a businessman with no political experience to such a responsible public office.
Ms. Siuzdak: You're wrong. The experience of running a major corporation is a valuable preparation for the task of running a state government.
M. Siuzdak's response shows that she has interpreted Mr. Janeck's remark to imply which of the following?
- A. Mr. Janeck considers Stevenson unqualified for the office of governor.
- B. Mr. Janeck believes that political leadership and business leadership are closely analogous.
- C. Voters generally overestimate the value of political experience when selecting a candidate.
- D. A career spent in the pursuit of profit can be an impediment to one's ability to run a state government fairly.
- E. No candidate without political experience has ever been elected governor of a state.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 222
A weapons-smuggling incident recently took place in country Y.
We all know that Y is a closed society. So Y's government must have known about the weapons.
Which of the following is an assumption that would make the conclusion above logically correct?
- A. If a country is a closed society, its government has knowledge about everything that occurs in the country.
- B. If a government claims that it knew nothing about a particular weapons-smuggling incident, it must have known everything about it.
- C. If a government knows about a particular weapons-smuggling incident, it must have intended to use the weapons for its own purposes.
- D. If a government does not permit weapons to enter a country, it is a closed society.
- E. If a country is a closed society, its government has a large contingent of armed guards patrolling its borders.
Answer: A
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NEW QUESTION 223
Back as early as the time of Pythagoras, music was considered a key to understanding the universe: musical tones helped explain mathematics and scientific principles, and certain combinations of notes were thought to have profound effects on the emotions.
- A. key to understand the universe: musical tones will help to explain
- B. a key of understanding the universe: musical tones help explain
- C. key in understanding the universe: musical tones helped explaining
- D. key for helping understand the universe: musical tones helping to explain
- E. a key to understanding the universe: musical tones helped explain
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 224
With the proliferation of electronic technologies in the latter part of the twentieth century, many aspects of cultural practice have been redefined. The eradication of physical boundaries that limit discourse and information access has had profound effects upon the manner in which we conduct democracy. Yet, opinions strongly differ over whether or not the growth of electronic networks will result in expanded democracy. On one side of the debate are anti-utopians who fear that with the intrusion of the Internet into many facets of life, personal freedom will be impeded and the existing rift between the "haves" and "have- nots" in society will grow. On the other side, many 'cyber-utopians' believe that new technologies can eliminate the democracy of elected representatives with which so many people are dissatisfied. The Internet, they say, will allow for a true participatory democracy in which citizens can govern themselves without the interference of bureaucrats and legislators.
Neither of these theories by themselves can fully address the role of democracy in the age of information.
As debates about censorship and encryption have shown, government regulation of the Internet can result in violations of the basic rights of speech set forth in the constitution of the United States. Yet, groups that preach 'Big Brother' theories of paranoia tend to neglect the fact that new technologies can help balance the injustices of traditional power found in a centralized government. At the same time, the likelihood of doing away with the present system of democracy in favor of complete and pure self-governance seems impossible and likely undesirable.
Both arguments about the future of the way in which discourse will occur highlight the inherent relationship between communication and democracy. Perhaps a more useful model for the study of this dynamic can be found in the model of the public sphere proposed by Jorgen Habermas. In this realm, free and diverse equals come together to deliberate and discuss pertinent issues without the impediment of external coercion. The ensuing dialogue transpires in a profoundly democratic forum. The dispensing of traditional hierarchies that occurs on the Internet appears to make possible the type of categories necessary for Habermas 'ideal speech situation to occur.
However, postmodern critics indicate that the autonomous individual no longer exists in a world where our identities are constructed as much for us as by us. And indeed, much of the postmodern notion of self seems to fit closely with reconfigurations of the subject brought on by electronic technologies. The question that arises then is how might the reconfiguration of communication enabled by the Internet work to create a new form of cyber-democracy' that better represents citizen's interests?
The author is primarily concerned with
- A. Examining the relationship between Internet communication and democracy
- B. Advocating the use of the electronic technologies to improve democracy
- C. Describing events leading to the discovery of democratic uses of electronic technologies
- D. Challenging the assumptions on which a theory of modern democracy is based
- E. Explaining the importance of electronic technologies to modern politics
Answer: A
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The best answer is E.
The answer is not A.
because the author does not reach any conclusions.
D. is incorrect because it does not discuss modern politics in general.
NEW QUESTION 225
The Commerce Department recently put limits on machine-tool imports from two countries whose exports of machine tools into the United States have been substantial. As a result of these restrictions, analysts predict that domestic sales of machine tools manufactured in the United States are bound to rise considerably, starting in the very near future.
Which of the following, if true, would be most likely to cause the analysts' prediction to be inaccurate?
- A. A new tax bill that, if passed, would discourage investment in capital equipment such as machine tools is being studied and debated seriously in the United States Congress.
- B. Companies in the industrial sectors of many countries showed a significantly expanded demand for machine tools during the past year.
- C. United States companies' orders for metal-cutting machines, which account for 75 percent of sales by the machine-tool industry, rose faster than orders for other types of machine tools during the past year.
- D. Worldwide orders for machine tools made in the United States dropped by more than 10 percent during the past year.
- E. Substantial inventories of foreign-made machine tools were stockpiled in the United States during the past year.
Answer: E
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NEW QUESTION 226
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