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NEW QUESTION 129
A certain small company has a policy that every manager must be scheduled to be present at the company's office at any time during which all of the manager's supervisees are scheduled to be present at the office. The shifts of the three supervisees of a certain manager, in 24-hour format, are as follows:
* Employee 1-Scheduled to be present from 11:30 through 16:00 every business day
* Employee 2-Scheduled to be present from 9:00 through 14:30 every business day
* Employee 3-Scheduled to be present from 10:30 through 13:30 every business day Indicate below the earliest time and the latest time at which, based on the information provided, the manager must be scheduled to be present at the office on every business day. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation
Table Description automatically generated
Topic 1, Analytical Writing Assessment
Read the argument and the Instructions that follow it, and then make any notes that will help you plan your response. Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen.
The following appeared in a letter from the director of sales for Beta Medical, a leader in the medical technologies industry, to the company's sales force, which markets products directory to medical professionals:
"Profits for Beta Medical grew by 7% last year, the highest growth in the industry, and our sales force had much to do with this success. However, there is room for improvement. In-house research has demonstrated that we are spending 25% more on entertainment costs than the sales forces of our competitors. In order to reduce these costs and increase our profits, we will be introducing strict limits on dining and other entertainment expenses, bringing them in line with industry averages. These cost savings should increase profits even more than last year's 7%, thus allowing us to maintain our leadership in the industry." Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument. In your discussion be sure to analyze the line of reasoning and the use of evidence in the example. For example, you may need to consider what questionable assumptions underlie the thinking and what alternative explanations or counterexamples might weaken the conclusion. You can also discuss what sort of evidence would strengthen or refute the argument, what changes In the argument would make it more logically sound, and what. If anything, would help you better evaluate its conclusion.
See the explanation part.
Explanation:
The given letter from the director for sales of a medical technology sales firm, elucidates the fact that there has been certain achievements and also tries to find out the real issues involved by making certain assumptions. The letter has concluded that they might perform even better provided that they would have reduced the cost incurred due to the entertainment. The letter might seem reasonable to an extent In indicating the factor, but it Is to be noted that to a great extent there has been the constructive clause built only on the assumption.
The letter has failed to look into the fact about the contribution of the money that has been spent on the entertainment and the total revenue that they have procured due to revenue being an important factor. The reduction in the revenue expense might even bring down the total earning of the company, If entertainment has been a crucial part of the contributing factor towards the revenue then it would a difficultly or rather lead to deleterious consequences on the part of the sales team.
The letter has also no considered any other factor where the company has to work on, the one-sided statement of the letter is an ambiguous one.
NEW QUESTION 130
The Florida panther, known for its distinctive characteristics, including a kinked tail and cowlicks, is nearing extinction with the help of scientists and government officials. Though once abundant in Florida, by the end of the twentieth century, only approximately 30 Florida panthers remained. Efforts to preserve the panthers had focused on shielding them from human encroachment with the hope that they could develop sustainable numbers to survive as a species. However, pressure from development caused officials to grow impatient and shift their strategy and goals.
In 1995, new breeds of female panthers were brought to Florida from Texas to bolster the population. The change has been dramatic. In 1990, 88% of the panthers in Florida had the distinct kinked tail. By 2000, five years after the introduction of the Texas panthers, not a single kitten born to the Texas females had a kinked tail. The breed known as the Florida panther is now on an expedited, ineluctable road to extinction
- with the assistance of wildlife protection agencies.
If the goal was to have any kind of panther in Florida, it has been realized. Since the introduction of the Texas panthers, the panther population in Florida has risen to approximately 80 mixed-breed panthers.
However, this "success" could portend a tragic trend in wildlife management in the United States. We cannot and should not create genetically mixed species as a means of achieving a compromise between the needs of development and a species' survival. This type of species tampering is a perversion of the ideal of wildlife management and will irrevocably transform our national landscape.
It can be inferred from the passage that
- A. extinction is preferable to mixing species.
- B. there is alternatives to interbreeding, but they take longer.
- C. wildlife protection and development are completely incompatible.
- D. scientist and government officials are equally disappointed with the results of the experiment.
- E. wildlife protection agencies are in the pocket of development corporations.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The end of the first paragraph provides the clue to this answer. The Texas panther was introduced because "pressure from development caused officials to grow impatient and shift their strategies and goals." This suggests that interbreeding was brought in as a quick fix so that the panther population could grow quickly and development in the area could be approved once the population was stabilized.
The author is clearly against interbreeding, but nothing indicates that the author would prefer extinction (choice a). The passage suggests that wildlife protection and development are often in con-flict, but does not suggest that they are incompatible (choice b). Development corporations pressured officials to act quickly, but the author does not state that wildlife protection agencies are in the pocket of development corporations (choice c). Nothing suggests how government officials feel about the results of the interbreeding, so choice d is also incorrect.
NEW QUESTION 131
A severe drought can actually lessen the total amount of government aid that United States farmers receive as a group. The government pays farmers the amount, if any, by which the market price at which crops are actually sold falls short of a preset target price per bushel for the crops. The drought of 1983, for example, caused farm-program payments to drop by $10 billion.
Given the information above, which of the following, if true, best explains why the drought of 1983 resulted in a reduction in farm-program payments?
- A. Due to the drought of 1983, United States farmers exported less food in 1983 than in the preceding year.
- B. Despite the drought of 1983, retail prices for food did not increase significantly between 1982 and
1983. - C. Due to the drought of 1983, United States farmers had smaller harvests and thus received a higher market price for the 1983 crop than for the larger crop of the preceding year.
- D. Prior to the drought of 1983, the government raised the target price for crops in order to aid farmers in reducing their debt loads.
- E. Due to the drought of 1983, United States farmers planned to plant smaller crops in 1984 than they had in 1983.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 132 
Select from each drop-down menu the option that creates the statement that most accurately reflects the information in the graph.
The age groups of India reflected on the vertical axis for which the population is projected to be higher in 2050 than it was in 2010 are the age groups that are above Select...
The age groups of India reflected on the vertical axis for which the population is projected to be lower in 2050 than it was in 2010 are the age groups that are below Select...
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 133
Lewis and Clark were not the first white men to cross the continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific north of Mexico, and they did not visit places not already seen and mapped by generations of native people.
- A. and did not visit places not already seen and mapped by generations of native people.
- B. nor did they visit places not already seen and mapped by generations of native people.
- C. nor had they visited places not already seen and mapped by generations of native people.
- D. and they had not visit places not already seen and mapped by generations of native people.
- E. and they did not visit places not already seen and mapped by generations of native people.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The best answer is E.
Being the second thing that Lewis and Clark did not do, the word nor is required.
The first negative phrase is in the past simple, so the second one must be in past simple form as well.
NEW QUESTION 134
Read each passage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question. Answer the questions based upon what is stated or implied in the reading passage.
For many years, there has been much hand-wringing over the fate of Social Security once the baby boomers reach retirement age. Baby boomers, people born between 1946 and 1964, represent the largest single sustained growth of population in the history of the United States. It is the sheer enormity of this generation that has had economists worried as retirement beckons. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, by 2020, an estimated 80,000,000 Americans will have reached or surpassed the conventional age of retirement. With so many boomers retiring and drawing benefits but no longer paying into Social Security, many fear that the Social Security fund itself could go bankrupt.
However, a study released by the American Association for Retired Persons (AARP) that examined baby boomers' plans for retirement found that for the most part, this generation is not expected to adhere to the conventional retirement scheme, a fact that may please the worriers in Washington, DC.
In its survey, the AARP broke baby boomers into different categories based on their financial standing, degree of preparedness for retirement, and optimism toward the future. The AARP found that of all groups surveyed, only 13% planned to stop working altogether once they reached retirement age; the remaining
87% planned to continue working for pay. The reasons to continue working varied among the different groups. For some, the plan to continue working is a financial decision. Between 25% and 44% of respondents reported they are not financially prepared to retire and will therefore continue working past retirement age. For the remainder of those planning to work past their mid to late 60s, the decision is based on long-held goals to start a business and/or the desire to stay active in their industry or community.
Eventually, most baby boomers will need to stop working as they progress into their 70s, 80s, and beyond.
But with such large numbers planning to continue working, thereby continuing to pay into the Social Security fund, perhaps Social Security will be able to withstand the end of the baby boom and continue to be a safety net for future generations.
Which of the following titles would be most appropriate for this passage?
- A. The AARP and Social Security
- B. Economists Fear Baby Boomers' Impact on Social Security
- C. Baby Boomers Bankrupt Social Security
- D. Baby Boomers Will Work for PaybeyondRetirement
- E. Worries about Social Security May Be Unfounded
Answer: E
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
This choice offers the best title for the passage, which explains why the "worriers in Washington" may have nothing to fear after all. Choice a is incorrect because the passage is not about the relationship between the AARP and Social Security or the AARP's position on Social Security issues. Choice b is incorrect because the passage actually argues the opposite: that most baby boomers will continue to pay into Social Security long after the traditional age of retirement. Choice c is true, but it is just one specific fact cited within the passage to support the main idea. Choice e is also true, but the passage explains why the economists' fears are unfounded.
NEW QUESTION 135
Interviewer: An alarming statistic reported in the Hobern Medical Journal is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who has heart disease.
Dr. Summer: But an expected level of heart disease is 5 percent, or in other words, 1 out of every 20 people. So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 people, 1 or more will very likely suffer from heart disease.
Dr, Summer's argument relies on the assumption that
- A. Heart disease is not normally concentrated in geographically isolated segments of the population.
- B. The interviewer is not consciously distorting the statistics he presents
- C. Knowledge that a personal acquaintance has heart disease generates more fear of getting heart disease than does knowledge of heart disease statistics.
- D. The number of people who each know someone who suffers from heart disease is always higher than
90 percent of the population - E. Normal levels of heart disease are rarely exceeded
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The best answer is B.
Dr. Summer's argument assumes that people are generally similar in how likely they are to have among their acquaintances people who have heart disease. Since heavy concentrations of people with heart disease in geographically isolated segments of the population would produce great differences in that respect, Dr. Summer's argument assumes few, if any, such concentrations.
NEW QUESTION 136
One way to judge the performance of a company is to compare it with other companies. This technique, commonly called "benchmarking," permits the manager of a company to discover better industrial practices and can provide a justification for the adoption of good practices.
Any of the following, if true, is a valid reason for benchmarking the performance of a company against companies with which it is not in competition rather than against competitors EXCEPT:
- A. Comparisons with competitors are most likely to focus on practices that the manager making the comparisons already employs.
- B. Since companies that compete with each other are likely to have comparable levels of efficiency, only benchmarking against non competitors is likely to reveal practices that would aid in beating competitors.
- C. Managers are generally more receptive to new ideas that they find outside their own industry.
- D. Getting "inside" information about the unique practices of competitors is particularly difficult.
- E. Much of the success of good companies is due to their adoption of practices that take advantage of the special circumstances of their products of markets.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 137
Surveys indicate that 52 percent of all women aged eighteen to sixty-five are in the labor force (employed outside the home) in any given month. On the basis of these surveys, a market researcher concluded that
48 percent of all women aged eighteen to sixty-five are full-time homemakers year-round.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the researcher's conclusion?
- A. Although only a small sample of the total population is surveyed each month, these samples have been found to be a reliable indicator of total monthly employment.
- B. Many workers, both men and women, enter and exit the labor force frequently.
- C. Women who are in the labor force have more discretionary income available to them than do women who are not.
- D. Surveys show that more women than ever before consider having a rewarding job an important priority.
- E. More women are in the labor force today than during any other period since the Second World War.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 138
The chanterelle, a type of wild mushroom, grows beneath host trees such as the Douglas fir, which provide it with necessary sugars. The underground filaments of chanterelles, which extract the sugars, in turn provide nutrients and water for their hosts. Because of this mutually beneficial relationship, harvesting the chanterelles growing beneath a Douglas fir seriously endangers the tree.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
- A. Young Douglas fir seedlings die without the nutrients and water provided by chanterelle filaments
- B. The harvesting of wild mushrooms stimulates future growth of those mushrooms.
- C. Chanterelles grow not only beneath Douglas firs but also beneath other host trees.
- D. Many types of wild mushrooms are found only in forests and cannot easily be grown elsewhere.
- E. The number of wild mushrooms harvested has increased in recent years.
Answer: B
Explanation:
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Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 139 
Answer:
Explanation:
25, 25
NEW QUESTION 140
The imposition of quotas limiting imported steel will not help the big American steel mills. In fact, the quotas will help "mini-mills" flourish in the United States. Those small domestic mills will take more business from the big American steel mills than would have been taken by the foreign steel mills in the absence of quotas.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the claim made in the last sentence above?
- A. Quality rather than price is a major factor in determining the type of steel to be used for a particular application.
- B. Domestic "mini-mills" produce low-volume, specialized types of steels that are not produced by the big American steel mills.
- C. Foreign steel mills have long produced grades of steel comparable in quality to the steel produced by the big American mills.
- D. Domestic "mini-mills" consistently produce better grades of steel than do the big American mills.
- E. American quotas on imported goods have often induced other countries to impose similar quotas on American goods.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 141
Industrialists from the country Distopia were accused of promoting the Distopian intervention in the Arcadian civil war merely to insure that the industrialists' facilities in Arcadia made substantial profits during the war. Yet this cannot be the motive since, as the Distopians foresaw, Distopia's federal expenses for the intervention were eight billion dollars, whereas, during the war, profits from the Distopian industrialists' facilities in Arcadia totaled only four billion dollars.
Which of the following, if true, exposes a serious flaw in the argument made in the second sentence above?
- A. During the Arcadian war, many Distopian industrialists with facilities located in Arcadia experienced a significant rise in productivity in their facilities located in Distopia.
- B. Many Distopians expressed concern over the suffering that Arcadians underwent during the civil war.
- C. Most Distopian industrialists' facilities located in Arcadia are expected to maintain the level of profits they achieved during the war.
- D. The largest proportion of Distopia's federal expenses is borne by those who receive no significant industrial profits.
- E. Distopian industrialists' facilities in Arcadia made substantial profits before the events that triggered the civil war.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 142
Sizable amounts of ice on the moon could provide future moon dwellers with drinking water and, if they split the water into its atomic components, hydrogen for fuel and oxygen for air. For a decade, scientists have argued about whether there is Ice in the Shaddeton crater located at the moon's south pole. Radar signals reflected off the crater are consistent with one of two scenarios: either the crater contains ice or the crater has a highly rough surface. Many scientists believe that the Shackleton crater does contain ice because_________.
Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the argument above?
- A. the Shackleton crater is in permanent shadow and so its temperature is well below freezing
- B. ice is known to exist on many planetary moons
- C. radar signals reflected off the moon's dry, rough-surfaced Schomberger crater are not significantly different from the signals reflected off the Shackleton crater
- D. mass spectrometry analysis indicates higher hydrogen atom concentrations in the Shackleton cratef than are typical of rough lunar surfaces
- E. the moon has a few very rough areas, where its surface has not been sandblasted to a very fine dust
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 143
On May 5th, 1997, the European edition of Business Tech Magazine led with Hoffman's cover story
"Internet Communities: How they're Shaping Electronic Commerce". This cover story highlights the extent to which the term virtual community has become almost synonymous with various forms of group-CMCs (computer mediated communication), including email-list forums, chat-systems such as IRC, web-based discussion areas and UseNet news-groups. There was no debate in the Business Tech Magazine article as to whether the group-CMC discussions are really 'communities', rather how community as opposed to content can be used to encourage people to return to a particular part of cyberspace for commercial gain.
In a similar vein, Simpson and Armstrong in "Internet Gain" argue that ignoring virtual communities would be a great loss of a marketing tool for businesses. They define virtual communities as computer mediated space where there is an integration of content and communication with an emphasis on member- generated content.
Not all virtual community commentators agree with the Spartan position taken by Hoffman. Rheingold, one of the prime popularizes of the term virtual community, provides us with a more emotive definition in his book The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. According to Rheingold, "virtual communities are social aggregations that emerge from the Net when enough people carry on those public discussions long enough, with sufficient human feeling, to form webs of personal relationships in cyberspace". Rheingold's definition is extremely popular and has been quoted in many discussions about virtual communities. As discussed below, for social scientists, particularly sociologists, Rheingold's definition raises many issues, especially concerning the notion of community. This is because Rheingold argues via a variety of analogies from the real world such as homesteading that virtual communities are indeed new forms of "community". In fact, Rheingold implies that virtual communities are actually "a kind of ultimate flowering of community". Moreover, Rheingold maintains that whenever computer mediated communications technology becomes available; people inevitably create communities with it. Rheingold can thus be labeled as a technological determinist as he holds that there is a predictable relationship between technology and people's behavior.
The debate over the validity of Rheingold's position has raised doubts about the existence of virtual communities and the appropriate use of the term. Weinreich claims that the idea of virtual communities must be wrong because community is a collective of kinship networks that share a common geographic region, a common history, and a shared value system, usually rooted in a common religion. In other words, Weinreich rejects the existence of virtual communities because group-CMC discussions cannot possibly meet his definition. In Weinreich's view, anyone with even a basic knowledge of sociology understands that information exchange in no way constitutes a community.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
- A. challenge the validity of group-CMCs in the virtual community
- B. suggest an alternate definition for the term virtual communities
- C. discuss whether group-CMCs constitute real communities
- D. emphasize the unsuitability of traditional definitions of community in light of the recent establishment of virtual communities on the Net
- E. present two opposing hypotheses and presents research and evidence to support them
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The passage begins by presenting the viewpoint of those that believe that group-CMCs are true communities and continues by presenting an opposing view. D is incorrect because definitions, not hypotheses are discussed in the passage.
NEW QUESTION 144
By understanding the fundamental nature of human immune response, scientists can both study ways to reduce excessive activity of the immune system. such as occur in autoimmune diseases like diabetes, and to amplify the immune response, as a new way of fighting diseases like cancer.
- A. both study ways of reducing excessive activity of the immune system, like occurs
- B. study ways both of reducing excessive activity of the immune system, like occur
- C. study both ways to reduce excessive activity of the immune system, such as occurs
- D. both study ways to reduce excessive activity of the immune system, such as occur
- E. study ways both to reduce excessive activity of the immune system, such as occurs
Answer: E
NEW QUESTION 145
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