2024 New ISTQB-Agile-Public Exam Questions Real ISTQB Dumps
Course 2024 ISTQB-Agile-Public Test Prep Training Practice Exam Download
NEW QUESTION # 19
In a sprint planning, the product owner presents a user story written on a card. The team starts having a discussion with the product owner to get an understanding on how the software should work.
The user story written on the card is:
"As a customer, I want to subscribe to the mailing list so that I can receive the latest deal in an email." By applying the 3C concept, which ONE of the following statements is CORRECT?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. The conversation is not required and the team should start developing.
- B. Conversation should include the acceptance criteria discussion.
- C. The card should contain requirements not the user story.
- D. Product owner has written a user story and confirmation is not needed.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The 3C concept in Agile development refers to Card, Conversation, and Confirmation. This concept emphasizes the collaborative and iterative nature of defining user stories and their acceptance criteria in Agile projects. In the context of the provided user story, "As a customer, I want to subscribe to the mailing list so that I can receive the latest deal in an email," option A is correct. The conversation should include the acceptance criteria discussion, which is an integral part of the 3C concept.
The Card represents the user story itself, which is a brief statement describing a feature or requirement from the user's perspective. The Conversation involves discussions between the development team and the product owner (or other stakeholders) to clarify the details and ensure a mutual understanding of the user story. This conversation is crucial for exploring the user story's implications, discussing potential implementation approaches, and agreeing on the acceptance criteria that define when the story is considered complete and satisfactory.
Confirmation involves agreeing on and documenting the acceptance criteria that emerge from the conversation. These criteria serve as a checklist to ensure that the implemented feature meets the user's needs and expectations as defined in the user story.
Option A is the verified answer because it accurately reflects the importance of including acceptance criteria discussions in the conversation phase of the 3C concept. This practice aligns with Agile principles by ensuring clarity, shared understanding, and a focus on delivering value to the customer.
NEW QUESTION # 20
What is the main benefit of the Test Pyramid?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. It acts as a metric for testing progress.
- B. It shows complexity of testing activities.
- C. It means testing is involved early in the development cycle.
- D. It helps in evaluating the amount of test cases needed.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Test Pyramid is a concept that emphasizes the importance of incorporating testing early and throughout the software development cycle rather than leaving it until the end. This approach aligns with agile methodologies, which advocate for continuous integration and testing to identify and fix issues promptly, thereby improving the quality of the software and reducing the time and cost associated with late-stage testing.
NEW QUESTION # 21
Which of the following statements about a test charter are CORRECT?
i) It is used mainly in exploratory tests.
ii) It is used to monitor a test process.
iii) It may make reference to user stories.
iv) It contains notes taken during a test session.
v) It is used to outline the company test policy.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. ii, iv, v
- B. i, iii, iv
- C. ii, iii, iv
- D. ii. v
Answer: B
Explanation:
A test charter is primarily used in exploratory testing (i) to guide the test session with a clear mission or objective, which might be related to specific functionalities, user stories, or areas of the application, making reference to user stories (iii) plausible. It also contains notes taken during the test session (iv), which are crucial for documenting observations, anomalies, and insights gained during exploratory testing. This approach aligns with Agile's emphasis on individuals and interactions and responding to change, as exploratory testing is inherently adaptive and relies on the tester's skill, creativity, and intuition. It contrasts with more traditional, documentation-heavy approaches, emphasizing the value of working software and collaboration.
NEW QUESTION # 22
You are a tester in an agile team. The user story you are due to test is still under development so your tests are blocked. The main issue holding progress on this user story is that the developer's unit tests are constantly failing.
As an agile tester, which of the following actions should you take?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Review the design of the problematic user story and improve it where possible.
- B. Use the time to improve and automate existing test cases of other user stories.
- C. Work together with the developer, suggesting reasons why the tests are failing.
- D. Create a bug report for each of your blocked tests.
Answer: C
Explanation:
In Agile teams, collaboration and direct communication are key. When faced with blocked tests due to ongoing development or failing unit tests, an agile tester should collaborate with the developer to identify and resolve the issues. This approach encourages teamwork, knowledge sharing, and problem-solving, leading to more efficient and effective resolution of blocking issues.
NEW QUESTION # 23
You are working in a software development company which, for many years, used a sequential development model and was organized into separate departments for each functional group (e.g. business analysts, developers, testers) located within their own office space. Your organization has recently changed to a SCRUM agile framework. Which of the following is an important organizational and behavioral best practice for a tester in the SCRUM team that should have also been practiced when using the sequential model?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Co located teamwork means that all team members, including developers and testers, must sit together in the same office, so they can quickly communicate face-to-face.
- B. Cross-functional teamwork means that all team members contribute to testing in various ways. For example, involving people with the test strategy, test planning and execution as well as test reporting.
- C. Resilient testing means that the testing process is capable of dealing with rapid changes throughout the development process with test plans being updated during each iteration.
- D. ( ) Credibility means that the tester must share information with the stakeholders about the test process so that they find the selected test strategy and testing activities trustworthy.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Cross-functional teamwork is a cornerstone of Agile methodologies, emphasizing the collaboration of team members with diverse expertise to enhance project outcomes. In Agile frameworks like Scrum, teams are encouraged to be self-organizing and multidisciplinary, with each member contributing to all project areas, including testing, regardless of their primary role. This approach promotes a shared responsibility for the project's success, fosters a deeper understanding of the project from multiple perspectives, and enhances the team's ability to respond to changes effectively. It aligns with Agile principles that advocate for the best architectures, requirements, and designs emerging from self-organizing teams, underscoring the value of collective ownership and collaboration in achieving project goals.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which ONE of the following is a testable acceptance criterion?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. The tools for testing are tested before use and are meeting the requirements.
- B. The system shall be easy to use.
- C. The solution shall support business processes.
- D. The response time to confirm a customer submission must not exceed 5 seconds.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A testable acceptance criterion must be specific, measurable, and verifiable, which makes option C the correct choice. Stating that "the response time to confirm a customer submission must not exceed 5 seconds" provides a clear, quantifiable measure that can be tested to determine whether the criterion has been met. This contrasts with more subjective criteria, such as the system being "easy to use," which cannot be easily quantified or measured in a straightforward manner. The specificity of the response time allows for the creation of test cases that can confirm whether the system meets this particular requirement, thus making it a testable acceptance criterion.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following is a benefit of a whole-team approach?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Enables reduction in test duplication as the testers and test engineers function as a single team.
- B. Enables testers to execute their responsibility for quality for the combined team
- C. Enables the team to focus on solely their separate areas of expertise and responsibility.
- D. Enables the various skill sets within the team to be leveraged to the benefit of the project.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The whole-team approach in agile methodologies is beneficial because it leverages the diverse skill sets within the team for the project's benefit. In this collaborative environment, team members, including developers, testers, and business analysts, work closely together from the project's outset. This close collaboration ensures a better understanding of the project goals, more innovative solutions to problems, and a higher quality product. The whole-team approach encourages knowledge sharing and collective problem-solving, leading to more efficient and effective project outcomes. This approach contrasts with traditional methodologies, where roles are more siloed, and collaboration between different roles occurs less frequently.
NEW QUESTION # 26
You are developing the code that controls an industrial Espresso machine which will be operated by waiting staff in restaurants.
The machine is rather complicated and has lots of switches and buttons, so in the next iteration instructions will be provided to the operator on a small LCD screen.
A User Story for the Operator-Instructions module is as follows:
"As an operator of the Espresso machine, I would like to know how to steam milk, so I can add steamed milk to the coffee." The following is a list of risks identified for this story, with assigned probability and impact.
Which of these is most correct in the context of the given User Story?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. An untrained customer will attempt to use the coffee machine. Probability: High. Impact: High
- B. The instructions may be incorrect or appear in the wrong order. Probability: Low. Impact: High
- C. A small child may try to steam milk. Probability: High. Impact: Low
- D. Operators will not read the instructions and will try various switches and buttons until something works. Probability: Low. Impact: Low
Answer: B
Explanation:
In the context of the provided User Story for the Operator-Instructions module of an industrial Espresso machine, option B is the most pertinent risk. This option states, "The instructions may be incorrect or appear in the wrong order. Probability: Low. Impact: High." This risk directly affects the core functionality described in the User Story, which is to provide operators with accurate instructions for steaming milk.
Agile methodologies emphasize the importance of delivering value to the customer through functional and usable increments of the product. Incorrect or improperly ordered instructions would directly undermine the usability of the Espresso machine for its intended operators, potentially leading to operational errors, customer dissatisfaction, and a failure to deliver the intended value of the User Story.
While the other risks mentioned (A, C, and D) might have their relevance in broader project considerations, they do not directly impact the achievement of the User Story's goal as much as option B does. The risk of incorrect or out-of-order instructions is particularly significant because it could lead to improper operation of the machine, resulting in quality issues with the product (steamed milk in this case) or even damage to the machine, both of which have high impact on the project's success.
Therefore, option B is the verified answer as it most accurately reflects a risk that is directly related to the achievement of the User Story's objective, aligning with agile principles of focusing on delivering functional and valuable product increments to the customer.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which ONE of the following is an example of a typical "Business-oriented work product"?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Acceptance testing entry criteria.
- B. Usability testing test results.
- C. The released product.
- D. A user manual.
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Agile projects, a "Business-oriented work product" refers to any deliverable that provides business value or is directly usable by the end users or stakeholders of the project. Among the options provided, a user manual is a typical example of a business-oriented work product because it is designed for end users, helping them understand and use the product effectively. Other options, such as the released product itself, acceptance testing criteria, and usability test results, while important, do not fit the definition of a business-oriented work product in the same direct manner as a user manual does.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which of the following allows a developer to define accurate unit tests focused on business needs?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Behavior-Driven Development
- B. Acceptance Test-Driven Development
- C. Design-Driven Development
- D. Test-Driven Development
Answer: A
Explanation:
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) allows developers to define accurate unit tests focused on business needs by bridging the communication gap between technical and non-technical team members. BDD uses scenarios in plain language that describe the behavior of the application from the end-user's perspective, ensuring that the development focus remains on delivering features that provide real value to the business.
NEW QUESTION # 29
You have been asked to execute an exploratory testing session on Park & Ride system. The test charter has been titled as "Buy a bus ticket". As a result, a number of defects were reported, the titles of which are listed below.
Which defect is out of scope for the given test charter?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Failed to buy a bus ticket when the network connection to the Central System is down.
- B. Failed to buy a bus ticket after 18:00.
- C. Price for a bus ticket was calculated incorrectly.
- D. Payment for parking ticket is restricted to cash only (no credit card supported).
Answer: D
Explanation:
The defect titled "Payment for parking ticket is restricted to cash only (no credit card supported)" is out of scope for the given test charter titled "Buy a bus ticket" because it pertains to a different functionality not covered by the charter. The charter focuses on the process of purchasing a bus ticket, which involves functionality such as selecting a ticket type, choosing a journey, and completing the transaction. A defect related to payment methods for a parking ticket does not relate to these functions and is therefore considered out of scope for the testing session focused on buying a bus ticket.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following statements would you expect to be the MOST direct advantage of the whole-team approach?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Reducing the involvement of business representatives because of the increased communication and collaboration between testers and developers.
- B. Having at least once a day an automated build and test process that detects integration errors early and quickly.
- C. Capitalizing on the combined skills of business representatives, testers and developers working together to contribute to project success.
- D. Avoiding requirements misunderstandings which may not have been detected until later in the development cycle when they are more expensive to fix.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 31
Why is regression of software a high risk in agile projects?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. There is code churn due to change in business needs over several sprints.
- B. Test automation can cause regression of software in the test environment.
- C. Test-driven development means that existing functionality is not considered.
- D. Regression is built into software as a safeguard against unexpected failures.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In agile projects, the high risk of regression is primarily due to the code churn that occurs as business needs change over the course of several sprints. This is inherent in the agile process, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaborative effort. The iterative nature of agile projects means that as new features are added or existing features are modified to meet evolving business needs, previously tested and stable parts of the software might be affected, leading to potential regression issues. This phenomenon is well-recognized in agile methodologies and necessitates rigorous regression testing practices to ensure that new changes do not adversely affect existing functionalities.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following is the BEST way for a test team to keep its independence when working in an Agile development environment?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Assign testers to be members of the Agile team, but ensure the testers report to a different manager than the developers.
- B. Locate the team that develops the test automation framework in a different location to the Agile development team.
- C. Share the Test Strategy with the Agile development team, but not the details of the Test Cases.
- D. Co-locate only some of the testers with the Agile development team, while the rest of the testers are in a different location.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Maintaining the independence of the test team within an Agile development environment can be achieved by integrating testers into the Agile teams while ensuring they have a separate reporting line. This arrangement helps in preserving the objectivity of the testing function without isolating testers from the collaborative and fast-paced Agile environment. Testers contribute to the team's activities and participate in all Agile ceremonies, fostering a strong collaboration and understanding of the product. However, by reporting to a different manager, testers can maintain an independent perspective, which is crucial for unbiased quality assurance. This approach aligns with Agile values of collaboration and individuals and interactions over processes and tools, while also respecting the need for independent verification and validation of the software product.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which of the following is a risk that continuous integration introduces?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Testers sometimes have too many builds to test, which reduces the quality of testing.
- B. Teams sometimes over-rely on unit tests and exclude some important system and acceptance tests.
- C. Teams no longer have the ability to run manual tests, as all tests must be automated.
- D. Developer's workload is increased, which can result in a reduction of output.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Continuous integration introduces the risk of having too many builds for testers to evaluate, potentially reducing the quality of testing. With frequent integration of new code and automated builds, testers may face challenges in keeping up with the pace, leading to less thorough testing and the possibility of defects slipping through.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Consider an online application that allows registered users to pay the annual car tax based on the vehicle's engine power in kW. Given the following user story:
"As a customer I need the online application to calculate the annual car tax amount that I need to pay for my car":
- If the power of the vehicle is less than 20 kW, then the annual car tax is free
- If the power of the vehicle is more or equal than 20 kW but less or equal than 150 kW, then the annual car tax is 250 Euros
- If the power of the vehicle is more than 150 kW, then the annual car tax is 750 Euros" What is the MOST suitable use of a black-box test design technique for this user story?
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Equivalence partitioning. Test the annual car tax value for the following partitions: [power of the vehicle<20 kW; 20 kW ?power of the vehicle?! 50 kW; power of the vehicle>150 kW]
- B. State transition testing. Test the transitions between the following states: logging In. inserting the power of the vehicle, making payment, logging out
- C. Use case testing.
Test the following use case (Actor=registered user):
Pre-condition=registered user logged in
Scenario=registered user inserts the power of the vehicle, making payment and logs out Post-condition=car tax paid and registered user logged out - D. Decision table testing. Test the following conditions:
Condltions=reglstered user logged In; inserted power of the vehlcle=20kW; Action=Car tax paid
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following statements about the Planning poker test estimate technique are CORRECT?
i) Planning poker is a consensus based technique using a deck of cards.
ii) A low test estimate usually means the story should be broken down into multiple smaller stories.
iii) A high test estimate usually means the story should be broken down into multiple smaller stories.
iv) One poker round is played and then consensus has to be reached.
v) The risk level of each backlog item should be decided before the poker session.
SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. ii. iv
- B. ii, iii, iv
- C. i, iii. v
- D. i, ii, iii
Answer: D
Explanation:
Planning poker, a consensus-based estimation technique used in Agile planning sessions, involves team members making estimates by playing numbered cards face-down to the table, avoiding the influence of other participants. This process promotes a collective understanding and agreement on effort estimations. Statements i, ii, and iii accurately reflect the principles of Planning Poker. It's a consensus-based technique (i), and if the estimates are too high (iii) or too low (ii), it often indicates that the user story is not well understood or is too complex, suggesting it should be broken down into smaller, more manageable pieces. This approach aligns with Agile's preference for small, incremental changes that can be easily managed and adapted, fostering collaboration and collective decision-making within the team.
NEW QUESTION # 36
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