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NEW QUESTION # 54
A dependency has a known vulnerability. What does the warning message include?
- A. How many projects use these components
- B. The security impact of these changes
- C. A brief description of the vulnerability
- D. An easily understandable visualization of dependency change
Answer: C
Explanation:
When a vulnerability is detected, GitHub shows a warning that includes a brief description of the vulnerability. This typically covers the name of the CVE (if available), a short summary of the issue, severity level, and potential impact. The message also links to additional advisory data from the GitHub Advisory Database.
This helps developers understand the context and urgency of the vulnerability before applying the fix.
NEW QUESTION # 55
You are a maintainer of a repository and Dependabot notifies you of a vulnerability. Where could the vulnerability have been disclosed? Each answer presents part of the solution. (Choose two.)
- A. in the dependency graph
- B. in the National Vulnerability Database
- C. in security advisories reported on GitHub
- D. in manifest and lock files
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
C: GitHub may send Dependabot alerts to repositories affected by a vulnerability disclosed by a recently published GitHub security advisory.
D: The Dependabot security updates feature is available for repositories where you have enabled the dependency graph and Dependabot alerts. You will see a Dependabot alert for every vulnerable dependency identified in your full dependency graph. However, security updates are triggered only for dependencies that are specified in a manifest or lock file.
NEW QUESTION # 56
The autobuild step in the CodeQL workflow has failed. What should you do?
- A. Compile the source code.
- B. Remove specific build steps.
- C. Remove the autobuild step from your code scanning workflow and add specific build steps.
- D. Use CodeQL, which implicitly detects the supported languages in your code base.
Answer: C
Explanation:
If auto build fails (which attempts to automatically detect how to build your project), you shoulddisable itin your workflow andreplace it with explicit build commands, using steps like run:
make or run: ./gradlew build.
This ensures CodeQL can still extract and analyze the code correctly.
NEW QUESTION # 57
Where can you find a deleted line of code that contained a secret value?
- A. Insights
- B. Issues
- C. Commits
- D. Dependency graph
Answer: D
Explanation:
Deleted lines of code containing secrets in a GitHub repository can still be accessed through the dependency graph and other tools, even after deletion. The dependency graph analyzes package manifest files to identify dependencies, including those in deleted or private repositories. Anyone with access to the dependency graph can potentially view the list of dependencies and their transitive dependencies, potentially exposing leaked secrets if they were previously part of the codebase.
NEW QUESTION # 58
When using the advanced CodeQL code scanning setup, what is the name of the workflow file?
- A. codeql-workflow.yml
- B. codeql-analysis.yml
- C. codeql-scan.yml
- D. codeql-config.yml
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
In the advanced setup for CodeQL code scanning, GitHub generates a workflow file named codeql-analysis.yml. This file is located in the .github/workflows directory of your repository. It defines the configuration for the CodeQL analysis, including the languages to analyze, the events that trigger the analysis, and the steps to perform during the workflow.
NEW QUESTION # 59
You have enabled security updates for a repository. When does GitHub mark a Dependabot alert as resolved for that repository?
- A. when you dismiss the Dependabot alert
- B. when Dependabot creates a pull request to update dependencies
- C. when you merge a pull request that contains a security update
- D. when the pull request checks are successful
Answer: C
Explanation:
If you have enabled Dependabot security updates for your repository, the alert may also contain a link to a pull request to update the manifest or lock file to the minimum version that resolves the vulnerability.
NEW QUESTION # 60
What action do you need to include in your workflow to upload a third-party Static Analysis Results Interchange Format (SARIF) file to a repository?
- A. partialFingerprints
- B. dependency-review
- C. upload-sarif
- D. scheduled
Answer: C
Explanation:
Uploading a SARIF file to GitHub
You can upload SARIF files generated outside GitHub and see code scanning alerts from third- party tools in your repository Uploading a code scanning analysis with GitHub Actions To use GitHub Actions to upload a third-party SARIF file to a repository, you'll need a workflow.
Your workflow will need to use the upload-sarif action, which is part of the github/codeql-action repository. It has input parameters that you can use to configure the upload. The main input parameters you'll use are:
sarif_file, which configures the file or directory of SARIF files to be uploaded. The directory or file path is relative to the root of the repository.
category (optional), which assigns a category for results in the SARIF file. This enables you to analyze the same commit in multiple ways and review the results using the code scanning views in GitHub. For example, you can analyze using multiple tools, and in mono-repos, you can analyze different slices of the repository based on the subset of changed files.
NEW QUESTION # 61
A repository's dependency graph includes:
- A. Dependencies from all your repositories.
- B. Annotated code scanning alerts from your repository's dependencies.
- C. Dependencies parsed from a repository's manifest and lock files.
- D. A summary of the dependencies used in your organization's repositories.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The dependency graph in a repository is built by parsing manifest and lock files (like package.json, pom.xml, requirements.txt). It helps GitHub detect dependencies and cross-reference them with known vulnerability databases for alerting.
It is specific to each repository and does not show org-wide or cross-repo summaries.
NEW QUESTION # 62
When secret scanning detects a set of credentials on a public repository, what does GitHub do?
- A. It scans the contents of the commits for additional secrets.
- B. It sends a notification to repository members.
- C. It notifies the service provider who issued the secret.
- D. It displays a public alert in the Security tab of the repository.
Answer: D
Explanation:
When a supported secret is leaked, GitHub generates a secret scanning alert. Alerts are reported on the Security tab of repositories on GitHub, where you can view, evaluate, and resolve them.
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which of the following is required to block the merge of a pull request containing critical vulnerabilities? Each correct answer presents part of the solution. (Choose two.)
- A. Add a repository ruleset.
- B. Configure a CODEOWNERS file in the repository.
- C. Enable Dependabot for the organization.
- D. Establish the protection rules in the code security settings.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Set code scanning merge protection
You can use rulesets to set code scanning merge protection for pull requests.
You can use rulesets to prevent pull requests from being merged when one of the following conditions is met:
A required tool found a code scanning alert of a severity that is defined in a ruleset.
A required code scanning tool's analysis is still in progress.
A required code scanning tool is not configured for the repository.
Note:
Creating a merge protection ruleset for a repository
1. On GitHub, navigate to the main page of the repository.
2. Under your repository name, click Settings. If you cannot see the "Settings" tab, select the dropdown menu, then click Settings.
3. In the left sidebar, under "Code and automation," click Rules, then click Rulesets.
4. Click New ruleset.
5. To create a ruleset targeting branches, click New branch ruleset.
6. Under "Ruleset name," type a name for the ruleset.
7. Optionally, to change the default enforcement status, click Disabled and select an enforcement status.
8. Under "Branch protections", select Require code scanning results.
9. Under "Required tools and alert thresholds", click Add tool and select a code scanning tool with the dropdown. For example, "CodeQL".
10. Next to the name of a code scanning tool:
Click Alerts and select one of: None, Errors, Errors and Warnings or All.
Click Security alerts and select one of: None, Critical, High or higher, Medium or higher, or All.
NEW QUESTION # 64
Which of the following would raise secret scanning alerts?
- A. cross site scripting (XSS)
- B. structured query language (SQL) injection
- C. server-side request forgery
- D. GitHub personal access token
Answer: D
Explanation:
A secret scanning alert is raised when sensitive data, such as API keys, passwords, or access tokens, is detected in a code repository, often due to accidental inclusion by developers. The detection uses pattern-matching and entropy analysis to identify high-entropy strings that look like secrets, but can sometimes generate false positives from non-sensitive data like UUIDs. Alerts can also occur when a developer attempts to bypass the push protection feature that prevents secrets from being committed.
NEW QUESTION # 65
What are Dependabot security updates?
- A. automated pull requests that keep your dependencies updated, even when they don't have any vulnerabilities
- B. automated pull requests that help you update dependencies that have known vulnerabilities
- C. automated pull requests to update the manifest to the latest version of the dependency
- D. compatibility scores to let you know whether updating a dependency could cause breaking changes to your project
Answer: B
Explanation:
Dependabot security updates are a feature that automatically generates pull requests to update vulnerable dependencies in your repositories. This helps you keep your projects secure by addressing known vulnerabilities in your project's dependencies. When Dependabot detects a vulnerable dependency, it creates a pull request to update the dependency to a secure version, streamlining the process of patching vulnerabilities.
Note:
Automated Pull Requests:
Dependabot automatically creates pull requests when it identifies a security vulnerability in your project's dependencies.
Vulnerable Dependency Updates:
These pull requests are specifically designed to update the vulnerable dependency to the latest secure version or a version that includes the necessary security patches.
NEW QUESTION # 66
What are Dependabot security updates?
- A. Compatibility scores to let you know whether updating a dependency could cause breaking changes to your project
- B. Automated pull requests to update the manifest to the latest version of the dependency
- C. Automated pull requests that keep your dependencies updated, even when they don't have any vulnerabilities
- D. Automated pull requests that help you update dependencies that have known vulnerabilities
Answer: D
Explanation:
Dependabot security updates are automated pull requests triggered when GitHub detects a vulnerability in a dependency listed in your manifest or lockfile. These PRs upgrade the dependency to the minimum safe version that fixes the vulnerability.
This is separate from regular updates (which keep versions current even if not vulnerable).
NEW QUESTION # 67
How does GitHub Advanced Security (GHAS) help integrate security into each step of the software development life cycle?
- A. By generating alerts for outdated dependencies in a project.
- B. By providing access to curated security intelligence from millions of developers and security researchers around the world.
- C. By automating security checks with every pull request, surfacing issues in the context of the development workflow.
- D. By providing a comprehensive dashboard summarizing the security status of the repository.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 68
Where in the repository can you give additional users access to secret scanning alerts?
- A. Settings
- B. Secrets
- C. Insights
- D. Security
Answer: A
Explanation:
To grant specific users access to view and manage secret scanning alerts, you do this via the Settings tab of the repository. From there, under the "Code security and analysis" section, you can add individuals or teams with roles such as security manager.
The Security tab only displays alerts; access control is handled in Settings.
NEW QUESTION # 69
A secret scanning alert should be closed as "used in tests" when a secret is:
- A. In the readme.md file.
- B. Not a secret in the production environment.
- C. In a test file.
- D. Solely used for tests.
Answer: D
Explanation:
If a secret is intentionally used in a test environment and poses no real-world security risk, you may close the alert with the reason "used in tests". This helps reduce noise and clarify that the alert was reviewed and accepted as non-critical.
Just being in a test file isn't enough unless its purpose is purely for testing.
NEW QUESTION # 70
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